The expression career politician refers to political figures who have no significant professional experience outside of the political arena. On the whole, this expression has a derogatory connotation and is used to suggest that a particular politician lacks real-world experience. In 21st century US politics, the term is commonly associated with the conservative viewpoint, and is often deployed by conservative politicians to illustrate their opposition to so-called big government as well as their sympathy for the public. Some politicians, journalists, and thinkers question whether a career politician is automatically less qualified to serve her constituents than an individual with outside professional experience.
Essentially, a career politician is an individual who has never worked outside the political arena, or who has worked in politics for a period significantly greater than that spent working in an outside field. This term usually has a negative connotation, and therefore is not generally used to describe oneself. Rather, it is most often used as an insult by those who oppose a particular politician, such as competing politicians.
As an expression, career politician enjoys particularly widespread use in early 21st century American politics, where it may be leveled at a political figure by his literal and ideological opponents during debates and campaign speeches, in newspaper articles and on political talk shows, and so on. Often, the term is used by those with a conservative political stance. These individuals may disparage a particular politician as having made a career of politics in an attempt to demonstrate that they themselves oppose government involvement in everyday life, and in certain cases even to suggest that the politician in question may be susceptible to corruption. Labeling particular figures career politicians can also be a tactic used to suggest that those figures are out of touch with the needs of the general public.
A number of journalists, politicians, and thinkers question the assumptions associated with the term. These individuals hold that a figure whose career has been dominated by politics is not automatically less capable of serving her constituents than one who has outside experience, just as a politician with outside experience is not necessarily more capable of serving than a career politician. Instead of summarily dismissing those who have devoted a significant part of their careers to politics, such individuals argue, it is important to assess each potential candidate based on her skills, platform, and existing political record.