Fish are cold-blooded creatures; their internal body temperatures vary in tune external temperature changes. If there are too many temperature fluctuations, however, the fish experience stress and become susceptible to disease or die. To avoid this, fish tank heaters are installed in fish tanks.
A fish tank heater keeps the water temperature stable and suitable to the requirements of the fish species in the aquarium. Temperature requirements may vary according to the fish type. Before buying a heater for your fish tank, find out what a specific fish breed needs.
A saltwater fish tank kept in a cold room will require more heating than a saltwater tank kept in a warm room. Find out what the exact temperature is in the area where the tank is placed. Subtract the required aquarium temperature from the room temperature. The resulting number is the amount of heater wattage needed. For every gallon, there should be a minimum of 4-5 watts of heat.
The size of the saltwater tank must also be considered when buying a fish tank heater. A small fishbowl or tank can do with a heater with a small wattage. A larger tank will require a heater with more power, or better yet, two heaters at opposite ends to distribute heat evenly. A spare heater is a good idea, in case one breaks down.
Fish tank heaters can be purchased at a fish tank supplies shop. Many different styles and types are available. Two of the standard types are hang-on heaters and submersible heaters.
The hangon types are attached to an upper tank edge, with the controls above water and the glass-encased electric part underwater. The submersible types are waterproof and can be submerged into the tank. Submersible heaters are better as they are more efficient, reliable and safe.
Buy the best quality fish tank heater from a reputed company. Install it near the filter, as this is where there is a good flow of water, and leave on for an entire day to stabilize the water temperature. Never switch on a heater out of water and never handle it before it is unplugged.
The fish tank heater will have a thermometer attached. If not, get a separate one. Monitor the salt water tank temperature at regular intervals to make sure there are no major fluctuations. A good tank heater will last a long time and, with a proper, stable temperature in the saltwater fish tank, the pet fish ought to be in fine shape.