Headaches, also known as cephalgia, are classified as pain located in the head or neck region. Weakness refers to lack of muscle strength, dizziness, fatigue or a general feeling of uneasiness. It is fairly common for these two symptoms to be present at the same time. Headache and weakness can be caused by stress, injury, common illness, medical conditions and stimulant use or withdrawal.
A headache might feel like pressure, hammering or throbbing in the brain, but in fact, the brain has no pain receptors. The pain actually occurs in the area surrounding the brain. Headaches can be located inside the skull, in the blood vessels or in the cranial nerves. Headaches also can be located outside the skull, in the muscles, nerves or sinuses. Some headaches, such as migraines, tension headaches and cluster headaches, also include weakness as a symptom.
Weakness can be divided into two categories, true weakness and perceived weakness. True weakness is caused primarily by skeletal muscle diseases, in which the muscles are physically weakened. The more commonly used definition of weakness is perceived weakness. This is when more effort is needed to use the muscles, but the actual muscle strength is normal. Flu weakness is an example of perceived weakness; it is caused by a condition affecting the exertion of energy rather than by the actual strength of the muscle.
Stress is a common cause of headache and weakness. Too much stress can cause psychological disorders. Some stress related disorders are anxiety, burnout syndrome and acute stress reaction.
Headache and weakness are symptoms of a variety of common illnesses, including cold and flu. Similar to a cold, acute sinusitis also shows these symptoms. Heat-related illness, such as heat exhaustion and dehydration, can cause weakness and headaches as well as nausea.
Physical injury can sometimes show these symptoms. Head injuries, neck trauma and whiplash are all associated with headaches and weakness. Sunburn, a less serious injury, can show these symptoms as well.
Some medical conditions are common causes of headache and weakness. Medical conditions associated with these symptoms include high blood pressure and anemia. Pregnancy also can cause these symptoms.
Use of and withdrawal from stimulants can cause head pain and weakness. Legal stimulants, such as nicotine and caffeine, are more common causes of the these symptoms. Illegal stimulants, such as amphetamines, also cause these symptoms.
Most of the time, headaches can be treated with analgesics. If an injury to the head or neck was sustained recently and symptoms include headache and weakness, a doctor should be consulted. This might be a sign of serious injury.