An endpin is a rod on the end of a cello or upright bass that adjusts to keep the instrument upright while being played. The material, width, and length of cello endpins differ. They can be straight or bent as well.
Cello endpins can be made of a variety of materials. The first endpins were made of wood, but in the early twentieth century, more durable metal alternatives began to take their place. Tempered steel remained the most popular choice for cello endpins well into the twenty-first century. However, some cellists prefer fiberglass or carbon fiber endpins, which are lighter in weight and absorb less vibration from the instrument. Regardless of the endpin’s material, it is usually capped with a rubber stopper to prevent the sharp end from scratching the floor.
Cello endpins are available in two widths: 0.32 inch (8 mm) and 0.39 inch (10 mm) (10 mm). Some cello experts advise using an 8 mm pin because it is lighter, but others believe a 10 mm pin is more durable and secure. Standard fittings will accommodate either width. The fittings, on the other hand, must be the correct width for the instrument’s endpin opening: 0.93 inch (23.5 mm), 1 inch (25.5 mm), or 1.1 inch (27.5 mm).
Over the years, different lengths of cello endpins have been popular. Early endpins were only a few inches long, but modern versions can typically extend up to 20 inches (45 cm) below the instrument’s bottom. A longer endpin causes the musician to hold the instrument at a less upright angle, which some people prefer because it allows them to play more naturally.
Some players prefer a bent endpin to bring the instrument’s angle even closer to horizontal. As of the early twenty-first century, this was one of the more recent developments in cello equipment, and it had not yet gained widespread popularity. While some players believe that bending the endpin gives them more control over the tone quality of their instrument, others prefer the instrument’s upright position. Some cellists believe that a bent endpin does not support the weight of the cello as well as a straight endpin, resulting in instrument damage.