Urticarial vasculitis is a medical term used to describe a type of skin disorder that leads to the appearance of a raised red rash known as hives on one or more areas of the body. This rash often causes a painful burning sensation and may also result in moderate to severe itching. Skin inflammation, changes in skin color or texture, and fever are often present among those with this disorder. In more severe cases, symptoms may include abdominal pain or damage to organs such as the kidneys or lungs. Some of the features of this skin condition are similar to other diseases, so it is important to visit a doctor in order to obtain an accurate diagnosis.
Hives often develop when the body experiences an allergic reaction and tend to go away shortly after taking an antihistamine. In the case of urticarial vasculitis, the rash lasts for at least 24 hours and does not correspond to contact with a known allergen. As the rash disappears, a change in pigmentation may occur, sometimes described as resembling a bruise. In addition to a painful or itchy rash, symptoms may include joint pain, swollen lymph nodes, and an increased sensitivity to sunlight.
A skin biopsy may be performed in order to confirm a suspected diagnosis of urticarial vasculitis. This is a minimally invasive procedure in which a small tissue sample is taken from one of the lesions and sent to an outside laboratory for further examination. This skin disorder is diagnosed when there is confirmed damage to the small blood vessels or an increased number of white blood cells in the tissue sample.
Most cases of urticarial vasculitis resolve on their own, and the exact cause for the condition is rarely known. It is believed that some medical conditions, including lupus, hepatitis, or leukemia, may increase the chances of developing skin disorders such as this. Medications such as those used to treat infections or high blood pressure may also contribute to this condition.
While medical treatment is not always necessary, some over-the-counter or prescription medications may help to reduce the severity of symptoms. Antihistamines are frequently used to soothe itching and reduce the appearance of hives. Pain relievers such as aspirin or ibuprofen may reduce swelling and ease discomfort. Steroid medications or other prescription drugs may be used to treat persistent cases.