Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms of early pregnancy, but some women may become alarmed when these symptoms recur during the final stage of pregnancy. Some of the most common reasons for third trimester vomiting include hormonal fluctuations, the presence of an intestinal virus, or impending labor. Relatively uncommon yet potentially serious causes of vomiting during the third trimester include a condition known as HELLP syndrome and a complication known as pre-eclampsia. Any specific questions or concerns about vomiting in an individual situation should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.
Gastroenteritis, more commonly referred to as the stomach flu, is a relatively common cause of third trimester vomiting. Additional symptoms may include diarrhea, cramping, or fever. Treatment normally consists of rest and drinking extra fluids to prevent dehydration. These symptoms usually disappear within a few days without any specific medical treatment, but any concerns should be addressed with the obstetrician just to make sure no complications arise.
Hormonal fluctuations are common throughout pregnancy and are the chief cause of vomiting during early pregnancy. Some women may experience vomiting during the third trimester for the same reason. As the body begins to prepare for delivery, hormone surges can cause a variety of symptoms, many of which mimic those from the first part of pregnancy.
In some cases, third trimester vomiting may occur just before labor begins. Diarrhea or loose stools are also common as the body prepares itself for delivery. Increased contractions, spotting, or loss of the mucus plug may be additional signs that the birth of the baby is near.
HELLP syndrome is a rare but potentially serious cause of third trimester vomiting. Vaginal bleeding, pain in the abdomen or shoulder, or a severe headache should be reported to a doctor for further evaluation. The patient will likely be tested for high blood pressure or the presence of protein in the urine. The most successful treatment for this condition is immediate delivery of the baby.
Pre-eclampsia is similar in nature to HELLP syndrome and causes high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and swelling. Rapid weight gain may also occur due to the severity of tissue swelling. The health of mother and baby may be in jeopardy when this condition develops, and delivery of the baby is the only cure. If the pregnancy has not progressed enough for a safe delivery, the mother may be hospitalized and given medications in an attempt to reduce symptoms until the baby is more developed.