An enlarged testicle can be a cause for great concern among men who experience this symptom. Fortunately, most causes of enlargement do not represent a serious medical condition. Some of the more common causes of an enlarged testicle include epididymitis, orchitis, or a varicocele. In some cases, a swollen testicle may due to a tumor, although this is relatively rare.
Epididymitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the tube that leads to the vas deferens from the testicle. This type of inflammation is usually caused by a bacterial infection. In addition to an enlarged testicle, symptoms often include pain, fever, and blood in the semen. Treatment for epididymitis generally involves the use of a prescription antibiotic. Pain medications, ice packs, and bed rest may also assist in the healing process.
Orchitis refers to inflammation involving one or both testicles and is most often caused by the same virus that causes the mumps. Bacterial infections, including some sexually transmitted diseases, may also lead to this condition. Pain, fever, and nausea are often present along with at least one enlarged testicle. Over-the-counter or prescription medications as well as bed rest and the application of ice packs are typical treatment options. Additional medications may be prescribed, depending on whether the condition is caused by a viral or bacterial infection.
A varicocele is another potential cause of an enlarged testicle. This is a condition that involves an enlargement or widening of the veins located in the scrotum, the sac that hold the testicles. A varicocele often develops during puberty and can cause low sperm production. The pain or discomfort associated with this condition is often relieved when lying down. Treatment may occasionally involve surgical repair, although most varicoceles disappear on their own without any type of medical treatment.
In some cases, an enlarged testicle may develop due to the presence of a tumor. When this is the cases, a lump that can be either seen or felt is often present. Testicular cancer is relatively rare, and most tumors found in this region of the body are benign. Even if the tumor is cancerous, early diagnosis and treatment often leads to an excellent prognosis for the patient. Any inflammation involving one or both testicles should always be evaluated by a medical professional in order to rule out serious medical conditions and ensure that the proper type of treatment is obtained.