Neurological surgeons are doctors who diagnose, treat, consult with, and operate on patients suffering from a variety of neurological diseases and disorders. Many surgeons have a thorough understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the central and automatic nervous systems, as well as the ability to perform a variety of invasive and noninvasive procedures. Some professionals specialize in treating certain types of cancers or brain disorders. Before practicing independently in a hospital, surgical center, or private practice, neurological surgeons must complete several years of medical school and practical training.
Tumors, severe head injuries, and a variety of neurological disorders all rely on the expertise of experienced surgeons to determine the nature of their problems and treat them appropriately. Undiscovered disorders or misdiagnoses can often be life-threatening, so neurosurgical surgeons must be thorough and delicate in their examinations and treatments. Experienced neurosurgeons usually operate on patients by appointment, but in the event of a stroke or aneurysm, they may be forced to perform emergency surgeries.
To scan for and treat physical disorders, most licensed neurological surgeons use advanced medical technology. To examine a patient’s brain, a surgeon may use magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography machines. He or she interprets printouts to see if there are any tumors or other abnormalities. Surgeons can use some machines to track activity in the brain and spinal cord in order to pinpoint where problems are occurring. To perform actual surgeries, neurological surgeons frequently use computer-controlled robotic equipment and laser devices.
A person must complete extensive educational and training requirements to become a neurological surgeon. A future neurosurgeon must typically earn a PhD in neurosurgery from an accredited medical school, which takes seven to eight years of classroom, laboratory, and practical training. A graduate of medical school typically works as an intern for a year at a hospital or surgical center, where he or she observes experienced surgeons and receives intensive hands-on training. Following an internship, a new surgeon begins a five- to seven-year residency program. To gain a license to practice independently, a new surgeon must pass an extensive written examination at the end of his or her residency.
The demand for qualified neurological surgeons is high, thanks to an expanding population and the development of new surgical tools and techniques. Those who successfully complete the rigorous educational and residency requirements typically find work quickly in major hospitals and specialty surgical centers. After establishing a strong reputation for providing high-quality care, many experienced neurological surgeons choose to open their own practices.