A bariatric specialist is a doctor who specializes in the treatment of obese people and their weight-related illnesses. Bariatric medicine is practiced by doctors, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners. Obesity prevention and causes are also a focus of these experts. The term “bariatrics” was coined in 1965 and is derived from a German word that means “large.”
Obesity, defined as being at least 20% overweight, is a condition that can lead to a variety of diseases and health issues, some of which can be fatal. A bariatric specialist must have received specialized training in these conditions and how weight can affect them. Obesity can be fatal on its own.
Diabetes, some cancers, arthritis, stroke, hypertension, gout, heart disease, and sleep apnea are all diseases that can be caused or exacerbated by obesity. Obesity can also increase the risk of stress incontinence, skin ulcers or wounds, gall bladder disease, and respiratory disease. A bariatric specialist’s treatment may include exercise, diet, and other lifestyle changes, as well as medication and, in some cases, surgery.
A bariatric specialist oversees a patient’s weight loss plan and nutrition to ensure that the patient is getting enough vitamins and minerals while keeping caloric intake to a minimum. A psychological component may be included in the treatment, particularly if the patient is overeating due to emotional needs. Prescription weight-loss medications can only be used for a limited time.
Bariatric surgery, also known as gastric bypass surgery, is a possibility, but only in the most extreme cases. When surgery is suggested, a bariatric specialist will collaborate with a bariatric surgeon to ensure that the patient receives the best possible care. Bariatric surgery patients must also commit to long-term dietary and lifestyle changes in order for their results to be permanent.
Nurses who specialize in the care of bariatric patients must take extra care when administering treatment. Some types of movement may be difficult for a patient due to their weight, which could result in falls and injuries. In a hospital setting, these nurses can ensure that patients with sleep apnea have access to breathing aids, and that patients with mobility issues have access to more rugged and size-appropriate wheelchairs and other devices.