Following an early release from jail or prison, a parole officer assists parolees in reintegrating into all aspects of society. Prior to their release, she usually assists the parolee in finding a place to live and work. Her position could be in a small or large local or regional department. Normally, the number of parolees in her jurisdiction ranges between 70 and 130.
Although parole officers and probation officers are frequently confused, they do not have the same responsibilities. Convicts who are released from prison before the end of their sentences are monitored and counseled a parole officer. This early release is frequently based on good behavior or information or statements provided attorneys after sentencing. It can be revoked for a variety of reasons, all of which usually revolve around the parolee’s behavior.
A probation officer performs the same duties as a parole officer, with the exception that a probationer has not been sentenced to or served time in jail or prison. In most cases, probation is given instead of a prison or jail sentence. If the convicted person violates the terms of probation, it can also be revoked.
A parole officer usually assists a parolee in finding affordable health care, educational resources, and, if necessary, drug testing and counseling facilities after she finds a parolee living quarters and employment. Her job is to provide every opportunity for the parolee to become a contributing member of society while avoiding subversive activities and associates. She usually maintains a close relationship with the parolee and offers basic psychological and motivational support.
In order to be effective, a parole officer must keep detailed and timely records of the parolees’ activities. She pays frequent visits to the parolees at their homes, places of employment, and during their visits to friends and family. During parole hearings, her observations and remarks frequently have a significant impact on the parolees’ standing with the court. If any of the parolees in her care are involved in criminal activity, she will usually be called to testify in court about what she saw.
A parole officer is usually required to be trained in the use of firearms and to carry one due to the dangers that come with her job. Not only could the parolee be a threat to the officer, but the parolee’s family or friends could be hostile or have old grudges to settle. These negative feelings could turn into dangerous situations, requiring the parole officer to defend herself.
A bachelor’s degree in sociology, criminal justice, psychology, or corrections is usually required for this position. Some jobs require at least a year of graduate work in a related field. Counseling or law enforcement experience is preferred.