Computer music, in a broad sense, is any music created, reproduced, or performed using computer technology. More specifically, the term usually refers to real-time music created a computer software program based on a set of parameters. The term can also refer to the study of the technologies used in music composition.
Synthesis and digital signal processing are frequently used in real-time music created computers. These technologies, which are embedded in or linked to specific software programs, arrange sound sequences, note durations, and pitches. The program’s user then issues a simple command, such as pressing the “Play” button, to allow the program to convert the sequence into sounds that can be easily distributed through speakers. The computer essentially takes on the role of musician in this type of music. This means the music is easy to transport and, in many cases, less expensive to produce than music performed live musicians or singers.
One of the biggest advantages of real-time computer music is that the programs that go with it can create sounds that aren’t available from other sources. This is frequently accomplished combining and layering various audio tracks. A musician could, for example, combine the sound of a lion roar with the sound of a car engine to create a new and unique sound. He could then fine-tune the pitch and incorporate the sound into the overall composition. The fact that real-time computer music can generate almost infinite combinations of sounds means that composers have a virtually limitless palette with which to work. Composition can go beyond what “regular” musicians can play or sing in terms of technical ability.
It is not always necessary to hear computer music. Sheet music created with programs like Sibelius® and Finale® is the best example of non-auditory computer music. Users of these programs use QUERTY or music keyboards to input information about pitches and their durations, which the computer programs then translate into readable music symbols. Musicians can then save or print the data they’ve entered for use with real players and singers. When a program is capable of playing back the entered pitches using midi or sampled-sound libraries, non-auditory computer music can be linked to auditory computer music.
Computer music is still evolving due to the fact that computers are a relatively new technology. Computer music is considered contemporary and even avant-garde when compared to other genres of music. However, this does not imply that it is uncommon. Many film composers, for example, use computer music in their soundtracks when a project’s budget is limited or when they believe the scene requires “unearthly” sounds to set the right mood. Some universities also offer computer music-specific programs.
The fact that new technologies emerge on a regular basis presents a challenge to those who study computer-generated music. Programs or techniques frequently have a short shelf life. Furthermore, the need for creativity in music constantly motivates musicians to consider how they can combine different technologies to create new effects.