A neurologist and a neurosurgeon are both doctors who specialize in disorders of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and muscles, which are all part of the central nervous system. The most significant distinction between the two is that neurosurgeons perform surgery, whereas neurologists only treat patients non-surgically, or “outwardly.” If a neurologist’s patient requires surgical intervention, they will be referred to a neurosurgeon. Patients can be treated both “outwardly” and surgically neurosurgeons.
Muscle disorders such as cerebral palsy, seizure disorders such as epilepsy, behavioral disorders such as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), brain defects, and acute traumas such as head injuries are all examples of central nervous system disorders. Depending on the condition being treated and its severity, a patient may need both a neurologist and a neurosurgeon, or just one of them. In some cases, surgical intervention is required first, which will be performed a neurosurgeon, with long-term follow-up handled either the neurologist or the neurosurgeon.
Due to the specialty of surgery, one of the differences between a neurologist and a neurosurgeon is their qualifications, or the time it takes to qualify. While both a neurologist and a neurosurgeon complete a four-year undergraduate medical degree, a one-year internship, and a two- to three-year specialization in neurology, the neurosurgeon then completes a five- to seven-year neurosurgery residency program. Neurosurgery is a highly specialized and precise field that is constantly evolving as technology advances, necessitating this lengthy study period.
Both neurologists and neurosurgeons can specialize in a specific area of neurology after qualifying, such as pediatrics, geriatrics, spinal cord injuries, or behavioral disorders. The scope is broad, and there are many more specialties than these. The condition being treated must be evaluated before deciding whether to consult a neurologist or neurosurgeon, which is usually done in consultation with a family doctor or general practitioner. In the case of central nervous system disorders, long-term consultation is frequently required.
While both a neurologist and a neurosurgeon are experts in their fields, treating neurological disorders often necessitates a multi-faceted approach. Psychologists, physiotherapists, nutritional therapists, and occupational therapists may be included in the treatment team. Treatment may include medication, which is often long-term, as well as physical and psychological input. According to the condition being treated, the neurologist and neurosurgeon will refer the patient to other medical professionals as needed.