The saxophone ligature secures the reed of the saxophone to the mouthpiece and influences how the reed vibrates, altering the sound of the instrument. Ligatures, or “ligs” for short, are made of metal, leather, or synthetic fabric and come in a variety of styles. Whatever style you choose, the ligature must fit the saxophone snugly and keep the reed flush against the mouthpiece to form a seal. Some ligatures allow for more vibration, while others allow for less. As a result, while quality is important, the best saxophone ligature is largely a matter of personal preference, based on how you want the saxophone to feel and sound when you play it.
Choosing the best saxophone ligature entailed first and foremost selecting one that fits your instrument properly. Because saxophones come in a variety of sizes, you’ll need to select a ligature that’s specifically designed for your instrument. If you play the baritone sax, for example, the ligature for the soprano sax is far too small. The ligature may not hold the reed flush against the mouthpiece if it is too large for your saxophone. Your ability to play will be harmed as a result of the resulting chasm.
Metal, leather, and synthetic fabric are among the materials used to create ligatures. Metal ligatures are available in gold, gold plated gold, brass, or silver. Depending on the type and thickness of metal used, prices and quality will vary. Ligatures made of leather and fabric can be stiff or soft. Most ligatures, whether metal, leather, or fabric, are held in place tightening one or two screws, though some leather and fabric types may be held in place a Velcro-type strap.
Metal ligatures are more secure than leather or fabric in holding the reed in place, allowing for less vibration. Different ligature styles apply pressure to different parts of the reed. The ligature makes less contact with the reed, the looser the reed is and the more vibration it produces. A reed with more vibration tends to produce a breathier, freer tone on the saxophone, whereas a stiff reed with little vibration produces a louder, fuller tone. Neither is technically correct or incorrect, and it all comes down to your personal saxophone playing style.
The ligature that comes standard with a saxophone when it is purchased is usually of lower quality and not the best. Cheaper ligatures, or those that cost less than $20 US Dollars (USD), are a risk because they may not hold the reed securely in place or be easily broken. A high-quality saxophone ligature will typically cost between $40 and $70 USD. Of course, more expensive ligatures are available, but a higher price tag does not always imply that it will be the best option for you.
Finding the best saxophone ligature is frequently a case of trial and error. It may be helpful to inquire about what other saxophonists use, but keep in mind that what one saxophonist considers to be the best ligature, another may consider to be the worst. Most likely, you’ll try a few different ligatures before finding one that fits your distinct and personal style.