The different types of trombone mouthpieces can be classified based on whether they are appropriate for a beginner, intermediate, or advanced player. These classifications are based on the mouthpiece’s various features, such as the rim, cup, and throat. The cup diameter is the only factor that most comparison charts for trombone mouthpieces consider. For more advanced players with more control over their embouchure, a larger cup is preferable. Other factors that affect the mouthpiece include the cup’s depth, as well as the sharpness and thickness of the rim.
The diameter of the cup distinguishes most trombone mouthpieces. The player blows into the cup, which is the main section of the mouthpiece. A large cup, with a diameter of up to 1.142 inches (29 millimeters), gives players more control and volume, but it can be difficult to use for beginners. A smaller cup — as small as 0.886 inches (22.5 millimeters) — will aid in the production of a consistent tone and make the instrument easier to play. Intermediate players should make decisions that fall somewhere between these two extremes.
The tones produced by trombone mouthpieces are affected by the depth of the cup. A deep cup is best for players who want a darker or warmer tone, especially on lower register notes. A shallow cup, on the other hand, is useful for players who want to produce a brighter or more biting tone. A shallow cup also improves the mouthpiece’s response, which is crucial for some advanced players.
When purchasing new trombone mouthpieces, players should think about the rim as well. Wide rims with rounded edges are better for beginners. The rim of the mouthpiece is the circular opening with which the player’s mouth makes contact. A wide rim gives players more endurance while playing, and a rounded edge provides more comfort for beginners. For better tonal range and attack precision, advanced players should choose a narrow and sharpened rim.
The throat is a small section beneath the cup of each mouthpiece. The throat size of trombone mouthpieces can affect the instrument’s intonation. A larger throat, in general, gives advanced players more flexibility in terms of tone and volume production, and is thus preferred. Smaller throats are thus preferred by beginners because they do not necessitate a strong embouchure. Small throats flatten the high register, while large throats sharpen it.