A political scientist is a specialist in the history, evolution, and application of public policies and international relations. Professionals usually specialize in one area, such as conducting public opinion research and surveys, advising politicians and high-ranking government officials, or providing commentary on policy decisions. A political scientist may work for a government agency, a private research institute, a university, or a non-profit advocacy organization.
Political science is a fascinating, ever-changing field that appeals to a wide range of professionals. Many people decide to pursue a career as a political scientist in order to improve current social and economic conditions. They may develop statistics and advocate for public awareness in government agencies or nonprofit organizations. Experts design and conduct surveys and research projects to look at poverty rates, pollution levels, water and food quality, road and public infrastructure conditions, and the effectiveness of government initiatives, among thousands of other variables. They use this data to write reports, educate officials and the general public, and advocate for change.
A skilled political scientist may conduct research and provide expert advice on political decisions for a specific politician or official. He or she might focus on specific policy areas like international affairs, homeland security, health care, education, or business development. Professionals assist legislators in determining the need for new approaches to public policy and recommending strategies for success.
Some experts in the field choose to work as print or broadcast journalists, where they can inform the public about current events and political decisions providing facts and opinions. Others become engrossed in the categorization and analysis of historical political data. Furthermore, a skilled political scientist may choose to teach college courses full-time or part-time. Some experts with strong credentials and public appeal go so far as to run for office.
A bachelor’s degree in political science from an accredited college or university is typically required to work as a political scientist. Many professionals pursue advanced degrees in order to enhance their knowledge, credentials, and job prospects. Most new political scientists work as assistants or interns for up to two years after graduation to learn the ropes and hone their investigative and reasoning skills. In most fields, experienced political scientists have plenty of opportunities to advance to senior advisor and lead researcher positions. Experts who want to work as university professors typically need to have a doctoral degree and complete additional certification requirements.