A research scientist is a scientist who specializes in conducting laboratory research. Other scientists are working on specific applications for their respective fields of study. Most scientists working in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), for example, are concerned with the upkeep of such devices as well as the analysis of data on individual patients. In contrast, an MRI research scientist might focus on all MRI patient data in order to improve the device’s design or look for trends in specific types of patients. Research scientists are found in all fields of science and work in specific areas of knowledge.
The research scientist embodies the traditional image of a scientist, dressed in a white lab coat and examining samples under a microscope in a sterile environment. Of course, this is a generalization; many research scientists do not work in such an environment, while others spend a significant amount of time in one. Many of history’s greatest scientists have been research scientists. Although they may have had different professional titles, Isaac Newton, Marie Curie, and Jonas Salk all fit the modern definition of a research scientist. In addition to his scientific work, Albert Einstein was a college professor and theorist, like many other scientists.
Research scientists devise and carry out experiments, repeating them as needed, and collect the resulting data, which is referred to as data. They look for connections and relationships that haven’t been seen before carefully examining the data and comparing it to similar experiments or existing knowledge. For example, exposing test animals to certain chemicals and then closely monitoring their health for days or weeks can reveal previously unknown toxins or carcinogens.
Data from research scientists may be compared with data from colleagues in other locations or even studies in seemingly unrelated fields. The work of a research scientist may appear tedious and repetitive, but the end result could be significant advancements in fields like medicine, chemistry, and environmental science. Research grants, book publications, and even merit awards such as the Nobel Prize can be given to those who have made significant contributions to their fields.
The work of the research scientist is increasingly involving computer data analysis. Computers can greatly improve the efficiency of such work, allowing for the discovery of trends and hidden connections that would otherwise take much longer or elude detection. Academics may present their findings in the form of independent research papers or articles in scientific journals. Private-sector research scientists may be required to share their findings only with their employers.