To identify bodies and investigate possible causes of death, forensic anthropologists conduct detailed scientific investigations on human remains. In criminal court cases where other evidence is scarce, their work is often critical to uncovering reliable facts. Although there are few opportunities to work full-time as a forensic anthropologist in law enforcement or a forensic science lab, many professionals can provide consulting services while also holding another title, such as university professor. Before working independently, a person who wants to be a forensic anthropologist should get a Ph.D. in the field and participate in several years of postdoctoral research.
Some of the fundamental skills required to work as a forensic anthropologist can be learned in high school. Students who are interested in the field can enroll in biology, anatomy, chemistry, and physics courses to learn about the human body and the scientific method. He or she can also learn about anthropology and forensic science visiting credible websites and reading books on the topics. A student can begin applying to accredited four-year universities near graduation.
Because forensic anthropology is a relatively rare undergraduate degree, most future workers will major in anthropology or biology. Practical skills working with microscopes, chemical slides, and other essential lab equipment are developed in lab-intensive science classes. A student can broaden his or her professional skills taking math, communications, and computer science courses in addition to career-specific studies. As a junior or senior, you can sit for the required admissions exams and apply to graduate or doctoral programs in forensic anthropology.
In most cases, a Ph.D. is required to work as a forensic anthropologist, which takes about four years of additional study. A student can expect to split his or her time between detailed classroom lectures and hands-on lab experience once enrolled in a program. The first year or two of a program usually consists of biological anthropology, organic chemistry, and biochemistry classes. In the first half of doctoral school, courses in osteology (the study of bones) are usually prioritized. The final two years are usually spent in university labs or internships at forensic science institutions, providing students with valuable practical experience.
Following graduation, a postdoctoral research fellowship allows you to continue your research. Fellowship programs last one to three years and entail conducting intensive research under the direction and supervision of trained anthropologists. An individual can look into potential job openings in private organizations and law enforcement, as well as permanent academic positions, after completing a fellowship. With more experience and well-respected research findings, your chances of becoming a forensic anthropologist improve.