The requirements for becoming a security guard vary by state or country, but they are generally less stringent than those for a full law enforcement license. Security guards, in most cases, have no more power or authority than the average citizen, so they may only need basic training. In other cases, more training is almost always required if a guard is armed or working in a highly technical environment.
To get this job, a person must usually meet certain minimum requirements, such as age and education. In the majority of cases, he or she must be at least 18 years old. Completion of high school or an equivalent is typically required, though these requirements vary by employer.
Some places may require specialized classes for anyone who wants to become a licensed security guard, depending on the situation. Licensing isn’t always required, but it does lend credibility to the person’s authority. The classes usually cover topics like property rights, suspect detention, and other aspects of criminal justice. In most cases, this class or classes can be completed in a matter of weeks.
In some cases, such as those working in retail establishments, little additional training is required to become a security guard. Some guards, for example, may only be required to patrol parking lots or keep an eye on things at the front door, requiring very few specialized skills. In these situations, a valid driver’s license may be all that is required.
Additional training, centered on weapon handling and safety, is usually required to become a security guard authorized to carry a weapon. A psychological profile may be required in some cases. Armed guards typically earn more money than unarmed guards.
In other cases, security guards may be required to undergo extensive technical training and surveillance techniques. In casinos and some museums, these applications are especially important. Significantly more training may be required in these circumstances. Guards in casinos, for example, will be taught not only about surveillance technology but also about some of the most common cheating techniques. Salaries in these positions are typically higher due to the extensive training and expertise required.
Unless they are in one of the highly technical fields, those interested in becoming a security guard do not usually do so for an extended period of time. Many people who work in retail or as warehouse guards may not earn much more than the legal minimum wage. Still, it may be a good occupation for those looking for part-time work or as a stepping stone to another career.